Acquisition, Maintenance and Generalization of Script Training: A Comparison of Errorful and Error-Reducing Conditions

Cherney, Leora R. and Kaye, Roz C. and Lee, Jaime B. and Van Vuuren, Sarel (2013) Acquisition, Maintenance and Generalization of Script Training: A Comparison of Errorful and Error-Reducing Conditions. [Clinical Aphasiology Paper]

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Abstract

Relatively few studies have investigated errorless versus errorful learning in aphasia, and most have focused on the single word level. In a review of a series of anomia studies, Fillingham et al. (2003) found that rate of success was equivalent for errorless and errorful conditions; the number of therapies using errorful techniques outweighed those based on errorless learning; errorless approaches were likely to achieve positive immediate effects, but many of the errorless studies did not report long term effects and generalization; and there was a lack of studies reporting a direct comparison of errorful and errorless learning. More recent work has continued to support the findings that there is no essential difference between error-free and errorless learning approaches (Middleton & Schwartz, 2012). However, none have investigated and contrasted the errorless/errorful learning paradigm in the production of phrases and sentences. This pilot study directly measures and compare the acquisition, maintenance and generalization of script-training under both error-reducing and errorful conditions. We hypothesized that error-reducing training would improve acquisition of a trained script while errorful learning would improve maintenance of the trained script and generalization to untrained scripts.

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